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Theo đề bài, ta có: \(m_{Na2CO3}=450.11,78\%=53,01\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{Na2CO3}=\dfrac{53,01}{106}=\dfrac{5301}{10600}\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: \(Na_2CO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2NaCl+CO_2\uparrow+H_2O\)

pư.............\(\dfrac{5301}{10600}\)........\(\dfrac{5301}{5300}\).......\(\dfrac{5301}{5300}\)........\(\dfrac{5301}{10600}\).....\(\dfrac{5301}{10600}\) (mol)

a) \(V_{CO2}=22,4.\dfrac{5301}{10600}\approx11,2\left(l\right)\)

b) \(M_{HCl}=1+35,5=36,5\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\)

c) \(C\%_{NaCl}=\dfrac{\dfrac{5301}{5300}.58,5}{450+200-44.\dfrac{5301}{10600}}.100\%\approx9,32\%\)

Vậy.............

\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{26}{65}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\) 
           0,4       0,8        0,4           0,4
\(a,V_{H_2}=0,4.22,4=8,96\left(l\right)\\ b,C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,8.36,5}{150}.100\%=19,5\%\\ c,m_{\text{dd}}=26+150-\left(0,4.2\right)=175,2\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,4.136}{175,2}.100\%=31\%\)

\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{m_{Mg}}{M_{Mg}}=\dfrac{4.8}{24}=0,2mol\) 

đổi 200 ml = 0,2 l

PTHH: Mg + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) MgCl₂ + H₂

TL;        1        2           1          1

mol:     0,2 \(\rightarrow\) 0,2               \(\rightarrow\) 0,2

b. \(C_{M_{ddHCl}}=\dfrac{n_{HCl}}{V_{dd_{HCl}}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1M\)  

\(c.V_{H_2}=n_{H_2}.22,4=0,2.22,4=4,48l\) 

\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

a) PTHH : \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)

b) \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Mg}=0,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow C_{MddHCl}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,2}=2M\)

c) \(n_{Mg}=n_{H2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H2\left(dktc\right)}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)

a)

$MnO_2 + 4HCl \to MnCl_2 + Cl_2 + 2H_2O$

Theo PTHH :

n Cl2 = n MnO2 = 10,44/87 = 0,12(mol)

=> V Cl2 = 0,12.22,4 = 2,688(lít)

b)

$2NaOH + Cl_2 \to NaCl + NaClO + H_2O$

n NaOH = 2n Cl2 = 0,24(mol)

=> V dd NaOH = 0,24/2 = 0,12(lít)

Fe+H2SO4->FeSO4+H2

0,15---0,15-----0,15---0,15 mol

n Fe=8,4\56=0,15 mol

=>VH2=0,15.22,4=3,36l

=>m H2SO4=0,15.98=14,7g

=>C% H2SO4=14,7\245 .100=6%

=>m dd muối=8,4+245-0,15.2=253,1g

=>C% muối =0,15.152\253,1 .100=9%

\(a)n_{Al}=\dfrac{10,8}{27}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ 2Al+6HCl\xrightarrow[]{}2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=\dfrac{3}{2}\cdot0,4=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ V_{H_2}=0,6.22,4=13,44\left(l\right)\\ b)n_{HCl}=3n_{Al}=3.0,4=1,2\left(mol\right)\\ m_{HCl}=1,2.36,5=43,8\left(g\right)\\ m_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{43,8}{10,95\%}\cdot100\%=400\left(g\right)\\ c)n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=0,4mol\\ m_{AlCl_3}=0,4.133,5=53,4\left(g\right)\\ m_{H_2}=0,6.2=1,2\left(g\right)\\ m_{dd_{AlCl_3}}=10,8+400-1,2=409,6\left(g\right)\\ C_{\%AlCl_3}=\dfrac{53,4}{409,6}\cdot100\%\approx13\%\)

\(a.n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Fe+2HCl\xrightarrow[]{}FeCl_2+H_2\)

tỉ lệ        :1        2            1            1

số mol   :0,1     0,2         0,1          0,1

\(V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\\ b)m_{HCl}=0,2.36,5=7,3\left(g\right)\\ C_{\%HCl}=\dfrac{7,3}{500}\cdot100\%=1,46\%\)

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Pt : \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2|\)

        1         2              1          1

       0,1     0,2            0,1       0,1

a) \(n_{H2}=\dfrac{0,1.1}{1}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{H2\left(dktc\right)}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)

b) \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,1.2}{1}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

100ml = 0,1l

\(C_{M_{ddHCl}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,1}=2\left(M\right)\)

c) \(n_{FeCl2}=\dfrac{0,1.1}{1}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(C_{M_{FeCl2}}=\dfrac{0,1}{2}=0,05\left(M\right)\)

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